Exploring the Hormetic Response of Pisum sativum to Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum) Aqueous Extract: Implications for Natural Growth Enhancement
Implications for Natural Growth Enhancement
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63147/krjs.v4i3.140Keywords:
Agriculture, weed, hermetic, pea, chemicalAbstract
Garden cress (L. sativum) and its allelopathic effects are the subject of increasing interest in sustainable agriculture research as a natural bio-stimulant. Due to the low concentrations of the extract, garden cress is suitable for use in ecological farming. This study explored how the root extract of garden cress (L. sativum) influences the growth and germination of P. sativum (pea) in a concentration-dependent manner. This study aimed to identify the optimal extract concentration to be used for the bio-stimulation of pea plants and for an effective delivery system to enhance crop species growth. Low extract concentrations (2.5% to 10%) increased the root and shoot length, as well as fresh weight, while high concentrations (40% to 80%) act as an inhibitor of growth. From a practical perspective, the extract at 2.5% concentration-maintained shoot length and promoted faster germination. For root fresh weight, an unexpected increase was observed, with an increase in shoot length at moderate concentrations (20% and 40%) which may be attributed to plant hormones induced by allelochemicals. Phytochemical analysis revealed several phenolic compounds, in which p-coumaric acid was the most abundant (5.93 ppm). Based on the dose-response curve for shoot fresh weight, it was found that an EC50 value of 25.4%, is an important indicator for future concentrations to be used. Responses show that low garden cress biomass concentrations should be applied for sustainable agriculture to avoid allelopathy’s negative effects on crop species. In summary, our work also emphasizes the importance of low doses and why allelopathy can be exploited for crop improvement, as well as serving as a substrate as part of a closed nutrient cycle in sustainable agriculture. Further research is required to examine the longer-term effects of this plant-plant interaction on crop yield and ecosystem services.
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